Ahlul Bayt International UniversityConcepts and Functions in the Building Engineering1120241201Optimal Design Method of Retaining Wall Using the Intelligent Water Drops (IWD) Metaheuristic Algorithm11972404910.22034/CFBEJOURNAL.2024.194526ENMehdiShalchi TousiAssistant Professor, Faculty of Engineering, Ahlul Bayt (a.s.) International University0000-0003-4601-1082Journal Article20240513Water drops in rivers can intelligently find the shortest path to the sea. The Intelligent Water Drops (IWD) algorithm was introduced in 2007 based on this behavior. In this algorithm, water drops have two important features: velocity and the amount of soil they carry, which they collect from the ground. The less soil they have, the faster they can move. The soil amount represents information exchanged between the ground and the water drops; as more drops pass over a piece of ground, its soil amount decreases. A drop prefers a path with less soil. If the movement steps of the drops are considered discrete, it can be assumed that the drop moves on the nodes of a graph. In the algorithm, water drops represent candidate solutions and are randomly initialized at the nodes of the graphhttps://cfbejournal.abu.ac.ir/article_724049_6fe71b07d1184b32f860d86eba6ae6a7.pdfAhlul Bayt International UniversityConcepts and Functions in the Building Engineering1120241201Numerical Analysis of Beam-to-Column Connection Behavior with Reduced Beam Section and Bolted End Plate213372405110.22034/ijscebg.2024.194527ENPayamTarighiAssistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Technical and Engineering, Ahlul Bayt International University, Tehran, Iran.Journal Article20240513Reduced Beam Section (RBS) connections and Bolted Unstiffened End Plate (BUEEP) connections are two types of connections mentioned in the tenth chapter of the National Building Regulations of Iran, under the pre-qualified moment connections section. In this paper, by proposing a connection that combines these two types, an attempt has been made to reduce the amount of welding and the large number of bolts, and to achieve a connection with a high level of safety and suitable performance. To this end, the performance of the proposed connection has been numerically compared with that of the Reduced Beam Section (RBS) connection. The results of these studies showed that the proposed connection with ST52 steel had lower energy absorption, bearing capacity, and stiffness by 24%, 18%, and 35%, respectively, compared to the welded RBS connection, indicating lower performance. However, considering the favorable performance results of the proposed connection, it can be classified within the group of moment connections.https://cfbejournal.abu.ac.ir/article_724051_4799d63e7671ffd9fcc127caff537883.pdfAhlul Bayt International UniversityConcepts and Functions in the Building Engineering1120241201Explanation of Unity in Traditional Iranian Bazaar Using Timcheh as an Architectural Element354472410610.22034/ijscebg.2024.194528ENSamiraMehrafzaFaculty Member of Architecture and Urban Planning, Ahl Al-Bayt International UniversityJournal Article20240513This research aims to explain the unifying aspects of the traditional Iranian bazaar through the use of the Timcheh building as an element of Iranian-Islamic architecture. The elements of authentic Iranian-Islamic architectural spaces possess the capability for interpretation and application in modern spaces. For such studies with a focus on spatial approaches in architecture, observing and exploring bazaar spaces in Iran can be one of the most suitable case study strategies. The goal of this research is to identify the components of the Timcheh and their application in architectural spaces. The study is guided by an analytical-descriptive method and a case study strategy focusing on Timcheh, utilizing the summary and analysis of texts. The decorations of the Timcheh ceiling, characterized by various forms such as Karbandi, Rasmi Bandi, and Yazdi Bandi, create fluidity and dynamism, symmetry, and hierarchy, contributing to a sense of unity within the traditional Iranian bazaar, thereby forming an integrated whole with surrounding spaces.<br><strong> </strong>https://cfbejournal.abu.ac.ir/article_724106_9621a92fba7b056a90bda16c212419ed.pdfAhlul Bayt International UniversityConcepts and Functions in the Building Engineering1120241201Here's the English translation of the title and authors you provided:Urban Space Design for Staging Street Performances (Case Study: Iranshahr Park)455372410710.22034/ijscebg.2024.194534ENRojinMarziAssistant Professor, Faculty of Engineering, Azad University.FaryalMahjoubAssistant Professor, Faculty of Engineering, Azad University.Journal Article20240513Contemporary developments in the urban lives of individuals in modern societies are observable. New urban spaces require activities that foster vitality, and this is particularly true in locations with spatial potential for hosting events. Such events can encourage citizen participation and create spatial dynamism. This research initially examines the characteristics of a desirable urban space based on the modern human need for living space outside the confines of the home – a healthy environment for growth, flourishing, and dynamism. This process considers the integration of performing arts into the features of urban space as an influential aspect of art’s impact on humans. The research question is: how can street performance adapt to the components of urban space and contribute to the improvement of the quality of the urban environment? The research method is based on content analysis of texts and theoretical saturation of expert opinions. First, concepts were extracted from urban design literature, and then, through an analytical-comparative method, an attempt was made to align the most relevant concepts. Subsequently, a questionnaire was used to prioritize the extracted concepts through coding with MAXQDA software. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of effective components in urban spaces led to the formation of a design framework as a means of answering the research question. The results of this research indicate that the existence of a unique space whose design is compatible with the contextual fabric can simultaneously instill a sense of value and equality in both the audience and the artist. Furthermore, the spirit of participation and communication among individuals is enhanced, which can play a significant role in strengthening the morale of artists to stage street performances, ultimately leading to culture-building in the urban space, through which art flows into the daily lives of citizens.https://cfbejournal.abu.ac.ir/article_724107_ec7f1ddce7e6435e2221a92f91184d03.pdfAhlul Bayt International UniversityConcepts and Functions in the Building Engineering1120241201Application of Utility Function for Optimization and Ranking of Concrete Mix Designs5469730638ENAlirezaRasekhi SahnehFaculty member, Civil Engineering Department, Qeshm Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qeshm, Iran.AbuzarMasoumiFFFJournal Article<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: FA;">Calcium aluminate cement is considered a special cement due to its unique structure and the presence of at least 40% aluminum oxide. It is highly durable under severe environmental conditions. However, challenges such as high cost and more importantly, sudden reduction in strength have limited its use as a standalone cement without structural modifications through alternative materials. The wide variety of these materials and their diverse effects on the various properties of this cement increase the number of variables, often causing confusion among engineers when selecting materials in different proportions. In this study, 20 mix designs were prepared with replacement percentages of 40%, 25%, 15%, 5%, and 60% of alternative materials including zeolite, slag, pumice, and limestone powder, and compared with a control mix. Subsequently, using the utility function, a concept from mathematics, the mixes were ranked from technical and economic perspectives.</span>https://cfbejournal.abu.ac.ir/article_730638_56ec7068f5d655af5740593931634862.pdfAhlul Bayt International UniversityConcepts and Functions in the Building Engineering1120241201The Role of Robots and Smart Technologies in Industrial Building Architecture7084730560ENMohsenVafamehrhhhSeyed AradMoeini TabatabaeiPhD Candidate in Architecture, Faculty of Art and Architecture, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad Branch.ShivaFarivarggJournal Article<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: FA;">The construction industry has always been one of the most challenging engineering fields, which in recent decades has faced issues such as resource wastage, reduced productivity, unstable quality, heavy reliance on manual labor, and weak safety standards. Concurrent with the expansion of new technologies like robotics, digitalization, and intelligent systems, an opportunity has emerged for this traditional industry to move toward purposeful and technological industrialization. This article aims to examine the role of robots and intelligent systems in the transformation from design, construction to execution and operation of various buildings. It analyzes their functions in smart building construction and management, sensing and control systems, and explores the possibility of localizing these technologies in Iran. The research adopts a descriptive-analytical approach and utilizes specialized Persian and English sources. Findings indicate that the synergy between robotics, information technology, and industrial design provides a suitable platform to overcome the limitations of conventional and outdated construction models and paves the way for the creation of intelligent, safe, fast, flexible architecture based on sustainable development in an architectural manner.</span>https://cfbejournal.abu.ac.ir/article_730560_58ffe08126a78effc1b3dd3e20c1bb09.pdf