Ahlul Bayt International University Concepts and Functions in the Building Engineering 1 2 2025 03 01 Numerical Investigation of Reinforced Concrete Columns under Blast Load: Effects of Cross-Section and Reinforcement Detailing 1 11 733839 EN Safa Payman 1Associate Professor, School of Civil Engineering, Imam Hossein University, Babaei Highway, Tehran, 16987-15461, Iran. Mahdi Heydari Ph.D. Candidate,School of Railway Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Narmak, Farjam, Tehran, 16846-13114, Iran Journal Article Blast loads pose a major challenge in the design of reinforced concrete (RC) structures due to their high intensity and short duration. Although considerable research has examined the blast behavior of RC members, the combined influence of geometric properties and reinforcement detailing has not been comprehensively assessed. This study numerically investigates the effects of four key parameters, namely column cross-sectional dimensions, longitudinal reinforcement ratio, stirrup spacing, and Cross-Tie arrangement, on the performance of RC columns subjected to contact explosions. A 3D finite element model was developed in LS-DYNA, validated against experimental data, and then used in an extensive parametric study. The results showed that increasing stirrup spacing from 75 to 225 mm increased the maximum column deformation by up to 49.7%. Incorporating Cross-Ties at 75 mm spacing reduced deformation by 40.1% compared with columns without Cross-Ties; however, their effectiveness diminished when stirrup spacing exceeded 150 mm. In addition, increasing the column size from 40×40 cm to 60×60 cm, and the longitudinal reinforcement ratio from 1.0% to 2.5%, more than doubled the TNT charge required to cause complete failure. Overall, closely spaced stirrups (≤75 mm), Cross-Ties (≤150 mm), larger cross-sections, and higher reinforcement ratios were found to significantly improve the blast resistance of RC columns subjected to contact explosions.

https://cfbejournal.abu.ac.ir/article_733839_1e2cc937cdd71bb358dc7f36ccbf17f3.pdf

Ahlul Bayt International University Concepts and Functions in the Building Engineering 1 2 2025 03 01 Meta-Analysis of Cyclic Behavior of Steel Frames with Combined BRB and Friction Dampers: Challenges and Future Directions 9 18 724435 EN Javad Falahatkar Master’s degree graduate in Civil Engineering, Salehan University, Qaem Shahr, Iran. Journal Article 2025 05 20 <span style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: FA;">This study investigates the cyclic behavior of steel frames equipped with combined Buckling-Restrained Braces (BRB) and friction dampers. With the increasing occurrence of destructive earthquakes worldwide and their impact on urban structures, the need for earthquake-resistant structural design has become more pressing. Steel structures, due to their favorable properties such as high strength-to-weight ratio and ductility, are widely used in construction projects. This study particularly focuses on combined dampers, which can significantly enhance the performance of structures under dynamic and seismic loads. Previous research has shown that the combination of BRB and friction dampers can lead to reduced displacements, improved dynamic performance, and decreased damage to structural members. However, challenges such as the lack of standardized design guidelines, insufficient analytical models, and uncertainties related to damper behavior still exist. Using a meta-analytical approach, this study collects and analyzes existing data from reputable databases to identify the challenges and future directions in this field. The results indicate that combined dampers can serve as effective tools for improving the seismic safety of structures. Furthermore, the study emphasizes the need for additional research on the long-term effects and fatigue induced by cyclic loads on dampers. This study is proposed as a reliable reference for researchers and engineers in designing and improving the seismic performance of steel structures.

https://cfbejournal.abu.ac.ir/article_724435_6605795949bb187f8a36fbd54c1c2375.pdf

Ahlul Bayt International University Concepts and Functions in the Building Engineering 1 2 2025 03 01 Understanding Artificial Intelligence in Architecture and Construction 22 30 724436 EN Muhwezi Andrew architectural Student of at AhlulBeyt International University Tehran, Iran Journal Article 2025 05 20 <span style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: FA;">This study investigates the applications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the Architecture and Construction sectors, examines how Artificial Intelligence is integrated with Building Information Modeling (BIM) and its impact on the entire project lifecycle. A review of AI’s pivotal role in modern architecture and construction. Artificial Intelligence is an engine that radically transforms project conception, alters the design, execution and management practices of infrastructure project. It brings significant advantages in all phases of the project, revolutionizing traditional methodologies in the Architecture and Construction by automating repetitive tasks, enabling faster design iterations through generative design, optimizing building performance through data analysis, improving collaboration with BIM integration and facilitating better decision-making with advanced simulations. The article delves into various critical applications of AI in the Architecture and the construction industry including optimized design achieved through automatic generation of innovative designs with generative design practices, advanced project management by predicting and optimizing resources, improvements in terms of safety at work, sustainable development, virtual and augmented reality applications, the creation of intelligent expert systems and finally explore the future of AI, AI’s impacts on the design process and how it works with architectural-construction technologies and the associated benefits and challenges.

https://cfbejournal.abu.ac.ir/article_724436_e39c75ac01a06b78c6847e8907c33910.pdf

Ahlul Bayt International University Concepts and Functions in the Building Engineering 1 2 2025 03 01 Optimizing Energy Consumption Through Canopy Design and Analysis of Ccooling Load by Simulation Method (Case study: Warsaw factory in Borujerd) 27 40 724437 10.22034/IJSCEBG.2025.489060.1001 EN Ali Akbari گروه معماری، واحد یادگار امام خمینی (ره) شهرری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران. 0000-0002-0463-8947 Mahyar Heidari Journal Article 2025 05 20 Energy saving and finding effective solutions have become important and notable topics in architecture in recent years. This issue is even more critical in countries with severe climatic conditions for most of the year. Therefore, in this study, an industrial building in the city of Borujerd was simulated using DesignBuilder software, and the cooling and heating loads were calculated. The research question is: To what extent does the design of external shading devices in the rolling mill factory building in Borujerd affect the reduction of the cooling load on mechanical systems? The aim of this study is to examine the performance of the factory’s external windows in terms of shading efficiency during the summer season in Borujerd’s climate. Consequently, the software-based evaluation of energy loss before and after the installation of shading devices is conducted. The research approach is quantitative and uses a causal-experimental correlation method. Initially, the independent variables were manipulated, and then the effects on the dependent variables were observed. The parameters influencing the reduction of indoor temperature were analyzed by reviewing the temperature range chart and the need for a 45-degree shading device, using Climate Consultant software for the Borujerd climate. The cooling load in July decreased from -200 to 122 kWh, and accordingly, the amount of carbon dioxide produced was reduced from 78,788 to 52,637 kilograms.

https://cfbejournal.abu.ac.ir/article_724437_177991be63bbaef4dff563971dac02d7.pdf

Ahlul Bayt International University Concepts and Functions in the Building Engineering 1 2 2025 03 01 Seismic Performance Evaluation of Friction Dampers and Metallic Yielding Dampers in Steel Frame Structures 41 57 731348 EN Mehdi Aghaei ئئئ Hamed Ivani GGGG Mehrdad Mohebbatnia Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Islam Abad-e Gharb Branch, Islamic Azad University, Islam Abad-e Gharb, Iran. Journal Article <span style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: FA;">In recent years, the use of control systems and energy dissipation devices has received widespread attention to reduce vibrations caused by dynamic loads and to improve the seismic performance of structures. Among these systems, metallic yielding dampers and friction dampers are notable, both of which are widely used in optimizing the seismic response of steel frames.<span dir="RTL" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: 'B Nazanin'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: FA;"> <span style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: FA;">In this study, the seismic behavior of two-story steel frames equipped with these two types of dampers—individually and in combination—has been investigated through numerical modeling in an analytical software environment under dynamic loading. For this purpose, five models were analyzed and compared: a reference frame without dampers, a frame with metallic yielding dampers, a frame with friction dampers, a frame with a metallic yielding damper on the first floor and a friction damper on the second floor, and vice versa.<span dir="RTL" style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: 'B Nazanin'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: FA;"> <span style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: FA;">The results indicate that the use of dampers leads to an increase in energy dissipation capacity, a reduction in inter-story drifts, and a decrease in base shear. Furthermore, the findings reveal that the metallic yielding damper is more effective in reducing base shear, while the friction damper performs better in controlling displacements and enhancing energy absorption. Overall, the combined use of these two types of dampers can be an efficient approach to improving the seismic performance of steel frames.

https://cfbejournal.abu.ac.ir/article_731348_77776f2ce4c34a6c15dcedf0262bd865.pdf

Ahlul Bayt International University Concepts and Functions in the Building Engineering 1 2 2025 03 01 Artificial Intelligence with Human Intelligence: Empowering the Historical Lalehzar Neighborhood With 731349 EN Masoumeh Nasiri DD Mahmoud Rezaei Associate Professor, Department of Architecture, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Journal Article <span style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: FA;">This research investigates the technological capacities in the regeneration and empowerment of historical neighborhoods, focusing on the Lalehzar district in Tehran. By integrating information and communication technology (ICT) and artificial intelligence (AI) within data-driven solutions, the study examines the role of social participation and collective memory in redefining urban identity. Lalehzar, once a center of modernism, art, and technology, now faces challenges such as demographic decline, physical decay, and cultural disintegration. This study, employing a qualitative and project-based approach, has been conducted in three stages: the development of a participatory vision involving urban stakeholders, 3D modeling based on creative scenarios, and Delphi analysis to assess the feasibility of the proposed actions. The findings indicate that the intelligent use of ICT can provide new platforms for social interaction, strengthen local narratives, and attract human capital. Emphasizing "collective intelligence" alongside artificial intelligence serves as a key strategy for ensuring the sustainability of empowerment processes and utilizing local capacities toward the achievement of sustainable cultural and economic development.

https://cfbejournal.abu.ac.ir/article_731349_579e3e83616e7608a2c4514d812357c2.pdf