Concepts and Functions in the Building Engineering

Concepts and Functions in the Building Engineering

Numerical Investigation of Reinforced Concrete Columns under Blast Load: Effects of Cross-Section and Reinforcement Detailing

Document Type : مقاله پژوهشی

Authors
Safa Payman 1
Mahdi Heydari 2
1 1Associate Professor, School of Civil Engineering, Imam Hossein University, Babaei Highway, Tehran, 16987-15461, Iran.
2 Ph.D. Candidate,School of Railway Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Narmak, Farjam, Tehran, 16846-13114, Iran
Abstract
Blast loads pose a major challenge in the design of reinforced concrete (RC) structures due to their high intensity and short duration. Although considerable research has examined the blast behavior of RC members, the combined influence of geometric properties and reinforcement detailing has not been comprehensively assessed. This study numerically investigates the effects of four key parameters, namely column cross-sectional dimensions, longitudinal reinforcement ratio, stirrup spacing, and Cross-Tie arrangement, on the performance of RC columns subjected to contact explosions. A 3D finite element model was developed in LS-DYNA, validated against experimental data, and then used in an extensive parametric study. The results showed that increasing stirrup spacing from 75 to 225 mm increased the maximum column deformation by up to 49.7%. Incorporating Cross-Ties at 75 mm spacing reduced deformation by 40.1% compared with columns without Cross-Ties; however, their effectiveness diminished when stirrup spacing exceeded 150 mm. In addition, increasing the column size from 40×40 cm to 60×60 cm, and the longitudinal reinforcement ratio from 1.0% to 2.5%, more than doubled the TNT charge required to cause complete failure. Overall, closely spaced stirrups (≤75 mm), Cross-Ties (≤150 mm), larger cross-sections, and higher reinforcement ratios were found to significantly improve the blast resistance of RC columns subjected to contact explosions.
Keywords
Reinforcement detailing
Blast Loading
Reinforced Concrete Column
Finite Element Analysis
Protective Design

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